王峰严潇南杨海真
(同济大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室，上海200092)

【摘要】为解决鸡场沼气工程沼液后续处理问题，以某养鸡场沼气工程全混式发酵池出水沼液处理为例．研究鸡粪厌氧发酵沼液的达标处理工艺。从鸡粪厌氧发酵沼液的特点出发，采用生化法与物化法相结合工艺处理沼液．并考查了3种不同组合的工艺处理效果。先以小试试验确定工艺最佳运行参数，再中试运行考查工艺的处理效果。结果表明：采用鸟粪石一SBR一混凝工艺处理鸡粪厌氧发酵沼液，沼液COD“由9 200 m∥L降至280 ms／L，NH；一N由3 200 n3Ig／L降至36 mg／L，TP由270 mg／L降至3．3 m∥L，达到畜禽养殖业污染物排放标准(GB 18596—2001)；对于鸡粪厌氧发酵沼液中NH[．N的去除，直接采用SBR处理，微生物会受到游离氪抑制，NH?-N去除率不足30％，生化处理前必须采用预处理降低NH4*．N负荷；鸡粪厌氧发酵沼液生化性良好，但仍含有一定量难降解COD。采用生化处理结合物化工艺进行深度处理可以以较低成本实现达标排放。
    关键词：鸡粪、沼液、厌氧发酵、达标处理
    中图分类号：X703；$216．4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000—1298(2012)05-0084-07

Treatment Process of Anaerobically Digested Effluent of Chicken Manurefor Meeting the Discharging Standard
    Wang Feng Yan Xiaonan Yang Haizhen
    (State Key Laboratory ofPollution Control and Resource Reuse，死倒Unitary。Shanghai 200092，Ch／na)

Abstract：To solve subsequent treating problems of chicken farm biogas project slurry，a research was carried out on treatment processes of anaerobically digested effluent of chicken manure for meeting the discharging standard--a case study of treatment of CSTR fermentation tank effluent of a biogas project．Based on the characteristics of anaerobically digested effluent of chicken manure，bio—chemical treatment combined with physical—chemical process was used to treat the biogas slurry．In addition，effects of three different processes combination method were investigated．First，bench scale experiment was carried out to determine the optimal operation parameters，and then pilot scale devices were introduced to examine theeffect of the process．Results showed when using struvite—SBR—coagulation process treating anaerobically digested effluent of chicken manure，CODc，decreased from 9 200 mg／L tO 280 mg／L，NH4*-N decreased from 3 200 mg／L to 36 mg／L，TP decreased from 270 mg／L tO 3．3 mg／L，finally the effluent met the standard GB 18596--2001．To remove NH4-N in chicken manure slurry，pretreatment is essential．Because of inhibition of free ammonia to microorganism，NH4"一N removal rate is less than 30％while using SBR directly treating chicken manure slurry．Biodegradability of anaerobically digested effluent of chicken manure is good，but the amount of refractory CODc。is considerable．Using bio—chemical treatment combined with physical·chemical advanced process can meet the discharging standard with lower cost．
    Key words :Chicken manure，Biogas slurry，Anaerobic fermentation，Up-to—standard treatment

引言
    利用沼气技术处理畜禽粪污，既可治理环境，又能实现废物资源化，因而我国大中型沼气工程出现了前所未有的增长势头，但沼气产生后的厌氧发酵液(沼液)处理成为需要解决的问题…。对于畜类养殖场的发酵工程，沼液的处理已有不少成功案例，沼液达标处理技术基本成熟¨“J。而禽类动物与畜类不同，以鸡为例，鸡的消化道仅为体长的7倍，饲料在消化道内停留时间比较短(4 h)，因此，鸡对饲料的消化吸收率很低，鸡粪中含有丰富的养分，尤其粗蛋白质较多∞j。鸡粪的特性导致了鸡粪厌氧发酵沼液与畜类养殖场沼液的差别。
    鸡粪厌氧发酵沼液的COD。NHf-N负荷是猪粪沼液的数倍，污染物负荷的增大导致了处理难度的大幅提升。目前国内还没有鸡粪厌氧发酵沼液达标处理研究的报道。本文以上海市浦东新区某养鸡场沼气工程全混式发酵池出水沼液处理为例，研究鸡粪厌氧发酵沼液的达标处理工艺。

鸡粪厌氧发酵沼液达标处理工艺研究